Sample Essay for FDCPA Question on an Exam

Sample Essay for FDCPA Question on an ExamThe first things to note when writing a sample essay for the FDCPA question on an exam are the target audience and the purpose of the essay. If you are writing to your supervisor, or a friend who is in the same position, you will probably have little trouble in writing a work essay. If you are writing to a university official, then you will want to do your homework. When writing a work-based paper, you must make sure that you do not come across as condescending or arrogant.Students working toward an exam often make a similar mistake. Instead of addressing themselves personally to the examiner, they begin their essay by describing how they came to work at the company in the first place. If you are a student at university, you may find that this is not helpful in the way that it might be if you were working towards an exam. Make sure that your sample essay address the reader as a whole and not as one person. After all, most students will likely speak to only one or two people, but you as the writer should be speaking to the entire class as a whole.Your essay should also follow a pattern that is strictly prescribed by the FDCPA. In particular, you will want to follow these three guidelines: introduction, body, and conclusion. To give you a preview of what the essay will look like, here is a basic outline of the essay process. Remember that the guidelines will not change over time, but the outline gives you a simple guideline to work from. This outline also allows you to keep the topic at hand while you are writing your essay.Introduction is the first part of the essay. In this part, you will summarize the information that is in the body of the essay. This part will also serve as a preview of the next section, which is the next part of the essay. You will want to explain how you came to be a part of the topic and give your opinion on the situation.Body of the essay begins with the introduction. If you are writing the body t o answer a FDCPA question, this is where you will start. You will usually leave the first paragraph of the body out and simply follow the format of your first paragraph, giving the reader a brief summary of what is contained in the body of the body.The conclusion will follow, but always start with the first paragraph and make sure that you use a closing statement at the end of your essay. The body should give the reader enough information to get them interested in reading the rest of the essay. When writing a work-based essay, you must always finish with a conclusion. The conclusion provides closure and expresses the final point you wish to make in your essay. As a result, you must make sure that you are using an effective conclusion to give your essay a professional look.You can learn more about writing for the FDCPA by going online. There are many resources available that will help you write effectively for FDCPA. These resources will teach you how to organize your thoughts and ho w to structure your essays so that you do not come across as too arrogant or condescending to the employer.As you can see, writing a sample essay for the FDCPA question on an exam is not too difficult. However, you will need to keep your essay as straightforward as possible, and do not come across as arrogant or condescending to the employer. This will go a long way toward giving you a professional grade on your exam and the more you practice the better you will become.

Gender roles portrayed in society Essay Example

Gender roles portrayed in society Essay In the sasss, the popular shows at the time were Father Knows Best, Dennis the Menace and Leave it to the Beaver. All of these shows implying that women were to be at home and men were to work, bringing home the bacon. This ideology affected society, men began to feel as though that they must solely make all the money and took the burden upon themselves. If you could not provide for your family then you didnt do your Job. As for women, they had to do all the domestic chores and had to depend solely on their husbands. For women, this was very unfair. They felt as though they were left at a disadvantage. In the ass and the years to come, they would be discriminated against and only be allowed to work Jobs that fit their capabilities. For example, they could do secretarial work and other very menial Jobs. They could not push beyond their boundaries even if they had the qualifications to do so. Television shows were not the only aspect that affected society. Of course with all the advertisement selling items such as laundry Ghana 2 chillness, kitchen appliances and other domestic-Like devices were all advertised with women. Which indicated and Insinuated to society that this Is what a womens Job as, This later leads to how society will then Influence the coming years. The Information presented reflects the Idea that social media effects the colonization of gender roles. Pointing out commercials and television shows that were Indeed used to almost Indoctrinate whoever watched It and the people surrounding them. Making men and women feel as though this is the social standard in which they are to follow esteem and/or decision making. We will write a custom essay sample on Gender roles portrayed in society specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Gender roles portrayed in society specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Gender roles portrayed in society specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Which poses many concerns on how sex roles are interpreted. As years go by, society now has established this unspoken fact that omen are incapable and therefore must be protected by a man. Women are seen as incompetent, they are taken advantaged of because theyre viewed as easy. A speech given by a renowned feminist named Chainman Ongoing Addicted said, We teach girls to shrink themselves, to make themselves smaller. We say to girls, You can have ambition but not too much. O should aim to be successful but not too successful, otherwise you will threaten the man. Because I am female, I am expected to aspire to marriage, I am expected to make my life choices always keeping in mind that marriage is the most important. Now marriage can be a source of Joy and love and mutual support but why do we teach girls to aspire to marriage and we dont teach boys the same? We raise girls to see each other as competitors, not for Jobs or for accomplishments. Which I think could be a good thing, bu t for the attention of men. We teach girls that they cannot be sexual beings in the way that boys are. What Chainman says is very true based on Ghana 3 what society has shown. For example, girls are taught to never aim to be a CEO or a political leader. Girls are taught to be a helping hand almost, to guide their man to retreats. She says that because she is female she is expected to aspire to marriage that statement is true because women are expected to fit this idea of a beautiful being. To be fit and to also have lady-like mannerisms. That is why girls nowadays are almost competing for a title, women see each other as competitors but never for the brains. They compete with their looks, women have tendencies to see each other a competitors and feel protective of their men. Women are also never allowed to be the same as men in sexual encounters. Women are seen as something o pure and once their purity is gone. Theyre no longer worth what they once were, so they are encourage to not lose this purity. Men on the other hand are encouraged to rendezvous as much as possible, the more the better. Butler views sex as a socially constructed category which stems out of social and cultural practices and gender identity is not a manifestation of intrinsic essence but rather the product of actions and behavior that is, performance. She undermines the thought that sex is a natural born category and is very convincing in her argument. Sex isnt a category to which we are born in, surely we are a male and female but her argument g oes beyond shallow thought. She states that females could have easily been the male of the world and that we chose to label it however we wanted to. Our society made up this category that men are to protect and women are to be protected. Gender is produced from what we do, some females may choose to be the provider and caretaker. Gender is chosen by the being individually. Sometimes the individual cannot choose for themselves, sometimes parents influence children as soon as theyre born. Ghana 4 Parents have expectations of children depending on their sex. Giving examples such as colors, toys, and assumptions of behaviors differentiated by genders. Parents have differential expectation of sons and daughters as early as 24 house after birth which Witt stated in this essay. Witt believes that parents have a huge impact once how children will portray their roles in society. Witt proves this by showing studies that show boys have more masculine items in their rooms than girls do. For example, the basic colors that are used to represent a specific sex, pink is used to present females and blue for males. Males typically have sports equ ipment in their bedrooms and girls have frills. Socially accepted toys for boys are sport related or toys related to things boys have to like. For example hammers, sports balls, and/or cars. Females on the other hands are usually given toys such as dolls and play household items. All of which psychologically effect how they think and act. When girls are tomboys it is very often almost looked down upon and vice versa for a male. Many people Judge girls are on their body shapes and how they are dressed. Girls would usually be slim and dressed well. Boys are usually looked at how broad their shoulders are, their build. Parents expect their daughters to be calm, cool and collected and boys are expected to be masculine,chivalrous and reliable. Corcoran wrote an article in the Daily Nebraskan titled, Stereotypical Gender Roles Have No Place in Modern Society. According to this article, in modern society women should not have to conform to societal beliefs that women should be any less ambition than men. He believes that in todays society, now it is more socially acceptable for omen not to follow traditional ideals. He refers to this age as the golden age of gender roles. Before it was assumed that men wanted to be the sole breadwinner for Ghana 5 their families, now it isnt considered to be the case. There is too much pressure on the men as there is pressure on women. He tells us to not surrender to your nature and that we should instead aim to better ourselves and follow what we wish to do, not what society tells us to want. The stereotypical gender roles were once acceptable in society but now times are hanging and so are opinions. Society now markets on the independence of a woman by appealing to women across the globe to make a difference. There are many iconic females such as Beyond, Opera and so on have stood to show that girls Run the World. Females across the globe have started to make changes. Not only have females stood up, males have as well. Even in modern times, men are expected to pay for dates and gifts. Even though a relationship is a two way street, males are still expected to be the giver. Nowadays, some females like to pay for their dates. Some

Concept of Employee Downsizing

Concept of Employee Downsizing Introduction and overview of the article Human resource is an important capital for an organization; however, during organization change, employee downsizing may be an essential strategy for an organization’s survival. Employee downsizing may not involve laying off staff, but can be done through freezing of hiring. However, hiring freeze, also known as attrition, does not always result in staff reduction; instead, it may cause staff imbalances especially considering that there is no replacement of retiring employees[1].Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Concept of Employee Downsizing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Employee downsizing is defined as planned reduction of the workforce by either laying off, early retirement or failing to replace retired staff and does not include termination due to poor performance[2]. This strategy is used by organization to cut back the cost of operating. In addition, downsizin g is done to reduce managerial layers, hence speed up decision-making process, to increase productivity and increase core competencies, and outsource peripheral duties. There are various criteria that management uses when choosing the employees to downsize productivity, age, competency of employee and health or fitness of the employees. Generally, managers indicate that they use performance appraisals and evaluating skills of employee when selecting employees for downsizing[3]. Downsizing can produce adverse consequences to employees and the employer. Generally, employee motivation on those left behind is largely affected, which can be translated to low productivity. Besides, the organization can lose valuable staff due to voluntary retirement that may be difficult and expensive to replace. In the event downsizing is unavoidable, management should ensure that the process is done at the appropriate time, proper selection criterion is used, while sufficient communication and secrecy is maintained to avoid negative effects[4]. In another perspective, both the leaving and staying employees may be affected health wise. Therefore, this research evaluates the effects of downsizing on the health of leavers and those staying in an organization. This article evaluates the health of employees in municipal before downsizing and after downsizing. Consequently, the article tests the hypothesis that employees with health problems before downsizing in an organization are the target of layoffs, while the health of leavers after downsizing is dependent of reemployment. In support of first hypothesis, many researches indicate that, organization may consider the health of an employee during downsizing. Generally, various researchers suggest that loss of job due to downsizing considerately affect the health of employees.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Theme an d article summary The theme of this article is health trends of employees before and after downsizing. It explores the links of health problem with being targeted for layoff and the consequences of being laid off on individuals’ health. The research was based on two hypotheses selection and consequence hypothesis. The selection hypothesis suggests that employees with health problems are a target of being made redundant while consequence hypothesis indicated that downsizing increased the risks of health problems. Leavers were grouped into three categories depending on the amount of reduction of days worked, which included minor, intermediate and major. Consequently, they were also classified as reemployed leavers or unemployed leavers. In deed, this pre downsizing health problems determined whether leavers obtained subsequent employment. The result was that, employees who obtain reemployment after downsizing expressed better health than their counterparts did. However, the st ayers experienced the highest risk of health problems after downsizing. Generally, this was attributed to high levels of stress and anxiety due to strict supervision by the management. Importantly, the research dispels the selection hypothesis that claimed that leavers were less healthy than stayers were. Contrary to the selection hypothesis, healthy and more competent employee easily volunteered to leave. Authority, timeliness, and Bias The research was conducted by a panel of experts in the field of human resource management hence a reliable authority in the matter. In addition, it comprised of several authors who brought onboard wide variety of expertise and knowledge on the matter. Despite this, the article has weaknesses as it reports on a research done in 1990, which is quite a long time ago; hence, the findings might not be applicable in present settings. Finally, the authors have referenced many other authors who may contribute to some preconceived notions. Accuracy, Reliabi lity and Viability The research evaluated the health of both stayers and leavers, hence creating a platform for critical comparison. However, the research did not evaluate the reasons for leaving by the leavers. Data concerning health before downsizing was collected in a fairly stable time, hence producing accuracy. However, the findings may not apply universally as labor and social policies differ from one country to another. Primarily, data was collected from employers’ records and questionnaires filled out by employees, hence the data used were reliable. The participants in these research comprised of a wide range of employees including different sexes, age groups, and thirty-two variant job categories.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Concept of Employee Downsizing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Furthermore, the research was conducted over three years duration, giving sufficient time for possible conseq uences of downsizing to be identified. Moreover, the research categorized the leavers and the stayers into smaller categories that aided comprehensive assessment of each group. Methodology The researchers used quantitative methodology research technique through consultation and evaluation. Based on previous research on impact of downsizing on health of stayers, the researchers sought to identify the effects of downsizing on both stayers and leavers. They used a methodology of testing two hypotheses selection and consequence hypothesis. Analysis, Significance of the findings The article illustrates the impact of various levels of downsizing on the employees, both leavers and stayers. Consequently, it outlines various levels of downsizing. The findings support the consequence hypothesis; leavers were exposed to physiological, mental, and physical problems. Moreover, the selection hypothesis is disapproved partially since there are employees who are willing to leave voluntarily and ar e healthier than the stayers are. Subsequently, the stayers in the job categories where there was major downsizing expressed more health problems than their counterparts in other job categories that had lower downsizing did. The findings can be used by social service providers in supporting employees who lost their jobs to avoid health complication. Based on these findings, proper structures can be formed by the governments to meet the needs of immediate unemployed persons. Moreover, the organization can provide safety nets to assist its employees to transit easily from employment to unemployment status. The finding can also be used to compel organizations to put in place programs and mechanism to aid employees during downsizing[5]. In quest for high productivity and effectiveness, the organization can formulate downsizing in a manner that would lower the negative health effects on employees[6]. Strengths The major strength of the research is that, foundational information and data was collected before any rumors of downsizing were spread. This is in realization that, the fear of downsizing can affect the health of employees even before loss of job has occurred. Besides, the respondents that were involved in this research were many, hence a sufficient sample to evaluate and draw conclusions. The data excluded employees who retired due to old age in this research.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Moreover, the researchers did not use reduction of number of employees as a measure of downsizing; rather, they calculated the number of days worked. The sample being worked on comprised of several correspondent from wide demographic and variant job categories, hence providing a viable sample. Finally, the article articulates its findings and methods clearly, and gives logical explanations. Limitation The major limitation of these findings is that the research did not include the reasons for leaving during downsizing. These factors can influence the likelihood of employees to obtain new employment. Additionally, the research included early retirees in the group of non-employed leavers, which can influence the findings, as most of these persons were relatively older and prone to health problems. Consequently, the researchers did not attain statistically significant percentages that support the claim that non-employed leavers have higher health problems. Several assumptions were appli ed during this research, which can influence the findings. Moreover, many other factors that contribute to ill health are not factored in this research. The research links lack of reemployment opportunity to poor health, while there are other factors that contribute to lack of jobs i.e. economic forces and competency levels. Therefore, the authors recommend additional research on how downsizing affects stayers and leavers. Nevertheless, the article is written by several authors that could have led to lack of objectivity of the matter. Summary The research draws a link between downsizing and the level of downsizing to the health of the affected employees. Primarily, this research clearly indicates that there is connection between deterioration of health and downsizing of employees. It suggests that non-employed leavers are at a higher risk of various health issues compared to other groups. Nevertheless, the stayers in job categories that experienced major downsizing were also largely affected i.e. higher levels of downsizing implied higher risks of health problems. In addition, leavers with better health have better chance of reemployment compared to unhealthy leavers, which contradicts the selection hypothesis. In addition, the research concluded that the average age of reemployed leavers was lower than unemployed leavers. Further, the health of reemployed and non-employed leavers did not differ significantly from stayers in job categories that experienced minor or no downsizing. Data The data clearly indicates a correlation between health problems and downsizing in an organization. However, in some respect, the research did not obtain statistical significance percentage to support the claim. Importantly, organizations and the local governments’ structures can be set in order to help employees to transit from employment to unemployment during downsizing. Employee loyalty Besides lack of motivation, employees especially stayers lack loyalty and commitmen t to their employers and their responsibilities is prevalent during downsizing[7]. Mainly, loss of loyalty is caused by fear, anxiety, and strict supervision. Additionally, employees are concerned about possible job loss, chances of advancement, new supervisors, and hence variant expectations[8]. In deed, lack of loyalty is higher in job categories that are more exposed to major downsizing. This can translate to lower productivity or even lose of valuable employees due to insecurity. Therefore, during downsizing, the organization management should formulate plans to motivate the stayers and restore employee trust and loyalty in the organization. Bibliography Anertez, Bengt Ekman, Rolf. Stress is Health and Disease. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2006. https://books.google.com/books?id=JSXzO-iZElwCprintsec=frontcoverdq=Stress+is+Health+and+diseasehl=enei=SyhMTZ2pK5LW4gaD4IyODAsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=1ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepageqf=false . Diane publishing Company. Workforce Reduction: Downsizing strategies used in selected organizations. NY: Diane Publishing, 1995. https://books.google.com/books?id=BwUNAAAAIAAJpg=PA25dq=Diane+publishing+Company:+Workforce+Reduction:+Downsizing+strategies+used+in+selected+organizations.+Diane+Publishing,+1995hl=enei=gyhMTfynF4_qOdmsoOAPsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=1ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepageqf=false . Roussea, Denise. Psychological contracts in organizations: understanding written and unwritten agreements. California: Sage, 1995. https://books.google.com/books?id=FG1qprRMUlECprintsec=frontcoverdq=Psychological+contracts+in+organizations:+understanding+written+and+unwritten+agreements+California,+Sage,+1995hl=enei=5ChMTYygMY704Qb2ntiuDAsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=1ved=0CCwQ6AEwAA#v=onepageqf=false . Shalhoub, Zeinab Karake, Zeinab. Organizational downsizing, discrimination and corporate social responsibility. CT: Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. https://books.google.com/books?id=B_T7lvd0mHECpg=PA96dq=Organizational+down sizing,+discrimination+and+corporate+social+responsibility.USA,+Greenwood+Publishing+Group,+1999hl=enei=GylMTdY0oLDgBsOJgfgLsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=1ved=0CCsQ6AEwAA#v=onepageqf=false . Yankelovich, Daniel. Mother Jones Magazine, Vol. 22, No. 4, Jul-Aug 1997. Mother Jones Publisher, 1997. https://books.google.com/books?id=oOcDAAAAMBAJpg=PT63dq=employee+loyalty+during+downsizinghl=enei=5BxMTdOVMoXrOZqAiSQsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=4ved=0CDYQ6AEwAw#v=onepageqf=false . Footnotes Diane publishing Company, Workforce Reduction: Downsizing strategies used in selected organizations, (NY: Diane Publishing, 1995), p. 6. Denise Roussea, Psychological contracts in organizations: understanding written and unwritten agreements, (California: Sage, 1995), p.212. Diane publishing Company, ibid, p.31 Zeinab Shalhoub Zeinab Karake, Organizational downsizing, discrimination and corporate social responsibility, (CT: Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999), p.60. Diane publishing Company, ibi d, p.35 Bengt Anertez Rolf Ekman Stress is Health and Disease (Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2006), p.106. Daniel Yankelovich, Mother Jones Magazine, Jul-Aug 1997 Vol. 22, No. 4 (NY: mother Jones Publisher, 1997), p.60 Diane publishing Company, ibid, p.32

Effective Presentation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Effective Presentation - Essay Example An image on a slide, for instance, can be effective in attracting the viewer’s attention towards the subject of the key theme of the presentation. A picture may also evoke powerful emotions in the viewers and, therefore, serve to attract attention. Visual expressions serve a fundamental role in enhancing the quality of the presentation. A picture showing the differences in impact on an individual hit at 40 mph and 30 mph, for instance, may inform the audience of the critical implication of escalating by a difference of 10 mph. The picture may be used to show that there is a high chance of an accident victim surviving when hit at 30mph compared to 40mph. A descriptive visual impression, therefore, is important in enhancing the presentation quality. Graphics are important in explaining detailed information that, in some instances, requires emphasis and comprehensive explanations. Inserting statistical data using tools such as graphs is decorative and helps clarify the information presented. It helps place the message in its context and add meaning to it as well as emphasizing its significance. Use of statistical presentation tools such as pie charts and graphs renders it easy to make comparisons, for instance. Besides financial data, scientific information such as the functioning of organs including the brain is best attainable trough inclusion of graphics. The National Geographic 3D mapping of the human memory is an example. National Geographic (2015) uses the 3D map of human memory to illustrate the various parts of the brain and their functioning systems. The interactive is useful in explaining the formation of memories in the brain. Besides, it is important to show other brain functionalities and processes. Graphics are vital in emphasizing the context of communication. That is particularly important when explaining scientific processes and concepts to viewers. Processes that occur in chronological order are best explained

The conflict between Russia and Chechen Republic Essay

The conflict between Russia and Chechen Republic - Essay Example But, the 1st Chechen war turned out to be Russia’s Vietnam as Russian army was forced to retreat in 1996. In 1999, Russia started the second Chechnya war which was officially declared successfully over by the Russian federation in 2009. Both the wars caused thousands of causalities and devastating economic and social effects for both the sides (Mirovalev). Even though Russian military operations were officially declared over in Chechnya, the continuous series of terror attacks in Russia, such as 2002 Moscow theatre hostage, 2003 suicide attacks in rock concert, 2004 Russian passenger planes bombings, and in recent, 2010 Moscow subway suicide bombings put a serious question over the Russian government’s declaration of the end of war and the control of situation (Trenin 2; â€Å"Timeline†). The purpose of this research paper is to analyze the Russia-Chechnya conflict through various aspects. By means of various researches and available data, the paper discusses history of the conflict and evaluates overall trajectory of it. Definition of war has always been controversial as there isn’t universal agreement among experts over specific characteristics and attributes of conflict that would categorize it as a war. Political science also doesn’t offer convincing and detailed definition of war (Moseley). For instance, the Correlates of War Project (COW), an academic scientific study on wars, defines war as a military conflict in which the number of battlefield deaths is more than 1000. The definition is clearly invalid as according to the criteria of this definition, the Falklands War, which involved about 900 deaths, can’t be called as a war, but less significant â€Å"Football War† between Honduras and El Salvador with about 2100 causalities qualify as a war (Gvosdev and Stigler). The definition of war is highly dependent on the individual’s perceptions on free will and determinism. Marcus Cicero defines war as â€Å"a violent struggle†; while Karl

Thin-Layer Chromatography of Steroid Hormones Essay Example for Free

Thin-Layer Chromatography of Steroid Hormones Essay The purpose of this experiment was to test the solubility of various steroids in order to obtain more information about their structure. An unknown was also given to be included in the experiment. The test that was performed was thin-layer chromatography which required a glass plate. The known steroids used in this experiment were estradiol, hydrocortisone, cortisone, corticosterone and deoxycorticosterone. Introduction Steroid hormones are a subgroup of lipids. They are found in one of the primary endocrine glands in the body, the adrenal glands, which are located directly superior to the kidneys. The structures of the adrenal glands begin with the outer layer known as the cortex. This region is most commonly referred to as the adrenal cortex and provides the gland with approximately 80% of its total mass. Within the adrenal cortex there are three layers: the outermost layer is known as the zona glomerulosa, the middle layer is known as the zona fasciculata, and the innermost layer is known as the zona reticularis. Each of these layers is comprised of many cells that synthesize and secrete hormones appropriately named the adrenocorticoids. The second portion of the adrenal gland is known as the adrenal medulla. It is the inner region and account for the remaining 20% in each of the adrenal glands. The adrenal medulla is responsible for the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine into the bloodstream. Adrenocorticoids include three types of steroid hormones. Each class belongs to a specific layer in the adrenal cortex and each class secretes specific hormones. The first group of adrenocorticoids is referred to as mineralcorticoids. These hormones are secreted by the zona glomerulosa and are responsible for the regulation of both the reuptake of sodium and the secretion of potassium. The mineralcorticoid used in this experiment was the more potent, deoxycorticosterone. Abnormal levels of minercorticoids can be associated with hypertension and can be induced by various problems, such as, low blood sodium, high blood potassium, cardiac failure, kidney failure, or even cirrhosis of the liver. The second group of adrenocorticoids is referred to as the glucocorticoids. These are produced by the second layer in the adrenal cortex, the zona fasciculata. The functions of glucocorticoids include stimulating gluconeogenesis through the use of amino acids and breaking down of muscle proteins. In this experiment the glucocorticoids used were hydrocortisone and corticosterone. These hormones are used medically to suppress the immune system by inhibiting the inflammation process. However, too much secretion of these hormones can be indicative of Cushing’s syndrome, pregnancy, and stress that comes from disease or other sorts of bodily trauma. The third group of adrenocorticoids that will be discussed are sex hormones. Sex hormones are not only secreted by the adrenal cortex. They are largely secreted in the reproductive system of each respective gender. Sex hormones can be further categorized into androgenic hormones, estrogenic hormones, and progestational hormones. Androgenic hormones are found predominately in the testes of the male, and there is it secreted by the interstitial Leydig cells. The most common and most powerful androgenic hormone is testosterone. Estrogenic hormones are only slightly different from their counterparts. Estrogenic hormones are identified by their 18 carbon ring structure whereas androgens are identified by their 19 carbon ring structure. Estrogenic hormones are secreted by the female reproductive organs known as the ovaries. The most potent estrogenic hormone is called estradiol and its release fluctuates throughout a woman’s menstrual cycle, with its peak volumes being around the time of ovulation. The last subgroup of sex hormones is called progestational hormones, or progesterone. Progesterone is responsible for the final maturation of the endometrium. Located in the ovaries, it is released from the corpus luteum during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and also increases in volume during pregnancy as the fetus progresses. Progesterone is different from the other two classes of sex hormones in that it is a 21 carbon ring structure. The modality used in this experiment was a chromatogram. Thin-layer chromatography is the type of chromatography that uses a small glass sheet covered in a thin layer of an adsorbent material. Once solutes are obtained, they are carefully placed on the glass sheet on the origin line. Then the glass sheet is soaked in a solvent for a certain period of time that varies with each chromatography technique. After it is through soaking, the solutes can be observed and the distance that each solute has moved can be measured. This value is obtained by using the R? ormula which takes the distance a solute travels from the origin line divided by the distance that the solvent traveled (this measure is known as the solvent front). This R? value can help determine unknowns as well. The final result of this experiment is known as a chromatogram, and depending on which technique is used, the steroids can be seen through regular light, or via a UV lamp. A UV light lamp was required for this experiment. Chromatography is a very useful tool in identifying the solubility properties of steroid hormones and revealing variants in hormone structure.

commentary Dred Scott Essay -- essays research papers

This commentary will focus on the impact of the Dred Scott decision in America. Dred Scott was born a slave in Virginia to the family of Peter Blow originally. The family moved to St. Louis and sold Scott to Dr. John Emerson, a military surgeon stationed at Jefferson Barracks. Scott traveled with Dr. Emerson to different areas such as Illinois and Wisconsin territories, where slavery was prohibited. This is because of the Missouri Compromise, this compromise was created to end expansion of slavery and permitted Missouri to entered as a slave state and Illinois was entered as a free state. Because Scott had traveled to free territory, he felt that he was a free man and sued to be free. The first case is against Emerson’s wife and is dismissed based on a technical issue, the second case Scott wins the right to be free, however the case is appealed to Wisconsin Supreme Court who disagrees with the lower court and Scott remains a slave. Scott lawyers filed suit in the U.S. Federa l Court and this time it’s against Mrs. Emerson’s brother whom took over the estate due to her remarriage, his name was John F.A. Sanford. The United States Supreme Court first hears the case in 1854 and then again in 1856. The case gains public and political attention. It affected the presidential election in which it would cause a candidate to agree or disagree with the high court. Congress begin debates on its power to control slavery specific territories, eventually they left it up to the high court ...